Biography: Eliza R. Snow

Eliza R. Snow was born on January 21, 1804, in Becket, Massachusetts. She was a prominent figure in the early history of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS or Mormon Church). She was one of Joseph Smith’s plural wives, she was a member and leader of the LDS women’s organization, the Relief Society, and sister of the third president of the church Lorenzo Snow. Her contributions spanned a wide range of areas, including poetry, education, and church leadership, leaving an indelible mark on the early Mormon community.

Early Life and Background

Eliza Roxcy Snow was born to Levi and Sylvia Sessions Snow. Her family was deeply religious, and her early upbringing was shaped by a devout Christian environment. Eliza was a talented writer and her first poem was published when she was 21 years old. She learned bookkeeping, sewing, and many other other skills. In 1816, the Snow family moved to the western frontier of Ohio, where Eliza’s life would take on new dimensions of hardship and opportunity.

Conversion and Early Involvement in Mormonism

In 1831, Eliza Snow and her family were introduced to the teachings of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Sidney Rigdon. Her mother and sister were immediately converted. Eliza was baptized five years later by the Prophet Joseph Smith on June 17, 1835. Her conversion marked the beginning of a profound and lifelong commitment to the church.

Eliza Snow quickly became a prominent figure within the early Mormon community. She was known for her intellectual acumen and strong testimony of the gospel, which led her to play an active role in various church activities. In Kirtland, Ohio, Eliza taught school to Joseph Smith’s children and also contributed her inheritance to help build the Kirtland Temple. In Missouri, Eliza began writing in defense of the church at the request of Joseph Smith. The hope was that the writing would help to curb some of the violence inflicted on the Latter-day Saints by former members and mobs.

Contributions to the Church

One of Eliza Snow’s most significant contributions was her role in the organization and development of the Relief Society, an organization for women in the LDS Church. The Relief Society was officially organized in 1842 under the direction of Joseph Smith, and Eliza was called to serve as the organization’s secretary, while Emma Smith and Sarah Kimball served as leaders in the organization. Eliza’s work was crucial in shaping the Relief Society into a vital support network for women and the community.

Eliza’s contributions were not limited to administrative roles. She was a prolific writer and poet whose works reflected her deep spiritual insights and commitment to the gospel. Her poetry, often infused with religious themes, played a crucial role in the cultural and spiritual life of the early Mormon community. Many of her hymns and poems were published in church periodicals and hymnbooks, and her writings continue to be revered by members of the LDS Church.

The Nauvoo Period and Subsequent Challenges

During the period the Saints spent in Nauvoo, Illinois, Eliza Snow’s influence continued to grow. She was an integral part of the Nauvoo community, contributing to its cultural and spiritual life. She was involved in various church-related activities, including the construction of the Nauvoo Temple, where she played a significant role in organizing and participating in the ceremonies and rituals. She was sealed as Joseph Smith’s wife, or one of his plural wives during this period, as well.

However, the period of prosperity in Nauvoo was cut short by external pressures and the eventual expulsion of the Saints from Illinois. Eliza Snow, along with other church leaders, faced the challenges of migration and resettlement as the Saints journeyed westward to the Salt Lake Valley. She was a staunch supporter of Brigham Young and the leadership during this period of upheaval.

Settlement in Utah and Later Life

Eliza Snow arrived in the Salt Lake Valley in 1848. The early years in Utah were marked by pioneering efforts to establish a new community and to build institutions that would support the growing church and its members. Eliza’s leadership continued to be instrumental in these efforts. She was involved in establishing schools, charitable organizations, and cultural institutions that were essential for the development of the new settlement. In particular, Eliza continued to work with the Relief Society. From 1863-1880, she oversaw the establishment of local branches of the Relief Society. Later, she served as the president of the church-wide Relief Society 1880–1887. 

In addition to her administrative and organizational work, Eliza Snow continued her literary pursuits. She published several collections of poetry and hymns that were widely used and cherished within the LDS community. Her works were not only a reflection of her personal faith but also served to inspire and uplift others.

Some of the more unique events of Eliza’s life in Utah include marrying Brigham Young, as a plural wife. She wrote extensively about Joseph Smith’s polygamy, including listing his plural wives and describing her own experience of hearing about polygamy and finally accepting it as a commandment from God. She was also sent to Palestine from 1872–1873 to witness the dedication of the land for the return of the Jews. Eliza wrote extensively about her journey to Palestine. 

Legacy and Influence

Eliza R. Snow passed away on December 5, 1887, in Salt Lake City, Utah. Her death marked the end of a remarkable life dedicated to the service of her faith and community. She was remembered as a pioneering woman who made significant contributions to the LDS Church through her leadership, writings, and organizational skills.

Eliza R. Snow’s legacy continues to be honored within the LDS Church. Her writings remain a cherished part of church literature, and her contributions to the Relief Society and other church organizations are still recognized and celebrated. Her life serves as an example of dedication, faith, and perseverance, and she is remembered as one of the most influential and beloved figures in the history of the LDS Church.

In summary, Eliza R. Snow’s life was a testament to her deep faith and commitment to the principles of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Through her literary works, leadership roles, and pioneering spirit, she made lasting contributions that continue to be appreciated by members of the LDS Church and others interested in the history of early Mormonism.

About Mormonism Explained

Mormonism Explained is a resource that was designed to provide objective and factual information about Mormonism, its history, doctrines, and policies. Our team of researchers consults experts and primary sources to present factual information on a variety of topics relevant to the Mormon Church.

Tags